Based on the facts and additional forecasts provided, there are several key considerations to understand the population growth dynamics of Canada by January 1, 2025. The primary drivers of population change in this context are immigration, as natural increase (births minus deaths) has not been explicitly mentioned as a significant factor within the provided timeframe. Given the facts: 1. The Canadian government has a policy to increase immigration to 500,000 immigrants a year by 2025 [1], demonstrating a strong commitment to growth through immigration. This policy sits within the context of addressing labor force gaps due to an aging population and aims to promote economic growth [2]. 2. Immigration constitutes nearly all of Canada's labor force growth and is projected to account for all population growth by 2032 [3], indicating that the population forecasts largely depend on immigration trends. 3. The specific population projections given are 40.8 million Canadians by the end of Q1 2024 [AF1], 41.6 million by the end of 2024 [AF2], 42.6 million by the end of 2025 [AF3], and 44.5 million by the end of 2027 [AF4]. These numbers reflect a steady growth pattern, significantly influenced by the planned immigration increases. Given these facts, to achieve the projected population of 41.6 million by the end of 2024, the immigration targets set by the Canadian government play a crucial role. However, it's important to consider that despite these ambitious immigration targets, there have been instances where Canada did not meet its refugee and immigration goals [4]. This underachievement could slightly modulate the expected growth rate, but it is anticipated that the government would work towards fulfilling or even exceeding its immigration targets to compensate, especially in the context of needing to maintain labor force and economic growth. No specific updates have been mentioned between October 1st and December 31st, 2023, that would significantly alter the fertility, mortality, or immigration/emigration dynamics beyond what has been planned by the Canadian government and observed in recent years. Therefore, the impact of any changes in these factors is expected to align closely with existing forecasts. Considering these points and without evidence of significant deviation from the projected trends, the forecasted population growth driven by the planned increase in immigration leads to the conclusion that the earlier forecast remains a strong estimate. Hence, integrating immigration policy effects and the projected growth rates without particular deviation noted in the short term: Canada will have a population of 41.6 million people by January 1, 2025. Sources: 1 :: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63643912 2 :: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63643912 3 :: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63643912 4 :: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63643912